The Legislative Decree no. 231/2001, regarding the “Discipline for the administrative liability of the legal entities, businesses and associations, including bodies without legal entities”, introduced for the first time into Italian law the responsibility of the bodies in penal for a number of cases of offences committed in the interests of or to the advantage of the same, by persons performing representative, administrative or managerial functions of said bodies or of one of their organisational units with financial and functional autonomy, or by persons exerting, de facto or otherwise, the management and control of said bodies (the so-called apical subjects), as well as by persons subjected to the management or the supervision of one of the bodies indicated above (the so-called subjects under others’ management).